Yep there are loads of derivatives - at work I deal with fixed income derivatives so basically, instead of pricing with regard to the company performance, we price with respect to interest rates (and FX rates).
Swaps, Options, Swaptions (An option on a swap), FRAs (Forward rate agreements) - there's tonnes of different variations of these, Amortising Swaps (where the notional changes through the swap's tenor) - way to much to explain in a simple way.
You have to grasp the basics of derivatives (mainly this is grasping the fact that you aren't actually buying or selling anything), then how payments are worked out and when they are paid is also important.
Futures (exchange traded) and forwards (OTC - over the counter) are probably the most basic in terms of pricing if you want to learn the basics.
Stay away from interest rate derivatives, they can get very interesting and complex.